Outliers were no cause for concern in our data since we had only 1% of all cases falling outside 3.0 thus proving the data as a normally distributed sample. This method was also effective in developing practical performance of skills. (2015). Kenney and Newcombe (2011) did their comparison to establish effectiveness in view of grades and found that blended learning had higher average score than the non-blended learning environment. Menager-Beeley, R. (2004). Lin and Vassar, (2009) indicated that learner success is dependent on ability to cope with technical difficulty as well as technical skills in computer operations and internet navigation. Self-regulatory skills of time management lead to better performance and learners ability to structure the physical learning environment leads to efficiency in e-learning and blended learning environments. Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1982). Box 837, Fort Portal, Uganda, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, 1050, Ixelles, Belgium, You can also search for this author in They did receive suggestions from instructors about resources to use in their learning (75.3%) and instructors provided learning input for them to come up with their own answers (71%). Beard, Harper and Riley (2004) shows that some learners are successful while in a personal interaction with teachers and peers thus prefer face-to-face in the blend. Loukis, Georgious and Pazalo (2007) noted that learners measuring of a systems quality, reliability and ease of use leads to learning efficiency and can be so in blended learning. From these, one course unit was selected from each school and all the learners following the course unit were surveyed. SPSS Survival Mannual (4th ed.). Factors that influence students decision to drop-out of online courses. As this study was a retrospective study, some factors that could have influenced the final outcomes were not assessed in this study. Purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of BL in improving knowledge and skill in pharmacy education. The study adopts a triangulation approach with regard to instrument. Dissertation Abstracts International, 64(9-A), 3191. They however met oftentimes online (60%) and organized how they would work together in study during the face-to-face meetings (69%). Finally, multiple regression analysis was done between student variables and design elements with learning outcomes to determine the significant predictors for blended learning effectiveness. Shraim, K., & Khlaif, Z. N. (2010). Online & Distance Learning; Public Classroom; Virtual Classroom; In-house; Lean. The usability of the online system, tools and resources was below average as shown in the table below in percentages (Table3): However, learners became skilled at navigating around the learning management system (79%) and it was easy for them to locate course content, tools and resources needed such as course works, news, discussions and journal materials. 2007 Jan 01;7(1):3742. International Journal of Web-based Communities, 5(3), 340350. Internet and Higher Education, 7(2), 95105. Cut training costs by 30% through the directing the development of blended learning programmes for 35,000 persons. These factors, once addressed, can lead to learner satisfaction in e-learning and blended learning and eventual effectiveness. JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep. 2015 Jan;13(1):52-64. doi: 10.11124/jbisrir-2015-1919. Middle East Journal of Scientific Research, 8(2), 488492. Self regulation as a learner characteristic is a predictor of knowledge construction. Goyal and Tambe (2015) noted that learners showed an appreciation to Moodles contribution in their learning. They enjoyed the course units (78%) and improved their skills with technology (89%). Other self-developed instruments were used for the other remaining variables of attitudes, computer competence, workload management, social and family support, satisfaction, knowledge construction, technology quality, interactions, learning management system tools and resources and face-to-face support. (2008), no statistically significant differences exist between age groups. The end of semester results were used to measure learner performance. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Learners preferred face-to-face sessions after every month in the semester (33.6%) and at the beginning of the blended learning session only (27.7%). Blended learning has the potential to be more economical than traditional face-to-face learning as it requires fewer teachers' load to supervise students. Abubakar, D. & Adetimirin. 3(2001). Learner interactions at all levels are good enough and contrary to Astleitner, (2000) that their absence makes learners withdraw, they are a drive factor here. Blended learning effectiveness has quite a number of underlying factors that pose challenges. Shraim and Khlaif (2010) note in their research that 75% of students and 72% of teachers were lacking in skills to utilize ICT based learning components due to insufficient skills and experience in computer and internet applications and this may lead to failure in e-learning and blended learning. (2009). In this study, we investigate the use of Moodle and its tools as a function of potential effectiveness of blended learning. (2008). Moving towards e-learning paradigm: Readiness of higher education instructors in Palestine. Average percentages of the items making up the self regulated learning scale are used to report the findings about all the sub-scales in the learner characteristics/background scale. Cronbachs alpha was used to test reliability and the table below gives the results. The effectiveness of blended learning may be dependent on student characteristics, design features, and learning outcomes. 2022 Oct 31;11:335. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1801_21. Universities and other institutions of learning should continue to emphasize blended learning approaches through installation of learning management systems along with strong internet to enable effective learning through technology especially in the developing world. This workbook provides hands-on training exercises that help you design and implement an effective program with practical guidance from the experts. Information Technology for Development, 16(3), 159173. Lin, B., & Vassar, J. Factors such as learners hours of employment and family responsibilities are known to impede learners process of learning, blended learning inclusive (Cohen, Stage, Hammack, & Marcus, 2012). Valle A, Blacher J, Cariou A, Sorbets E. J Med Internet Res. Communications of the ACM. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2006.11.007. Self regulation is the only learner characteristic predicting intrinsic motivation in blended learning while technology quality, online tools and interactions are the design features predicting intrinsic motivation. -. Learners reported high intrinsic motivation levels with interest and enjoyment of tasks at 83.7%, perceived competence at 70.2%, effort/importance sub-scale at 80%, pressure/tension reported at 54%. Keywords: Garrison and Kanuka (2004) examined the transformative potential of blended learning and reported an increase in course completion rates, improved retention and increased student satisfaction. The online self-regulated learning questionnaire (Barnard, Lan, To, Paton, & Lai, 2009) and the intrinsic motivation inventory (Deci & Ryan, 1982) were applied to measure the constructs on self regulation in the student characteristics and motivation in the learning outcome constructs. An independent t-test revealed that the difference between the performances was not statistically significant (t=1.569, df=228, p=0.05, one tailed). Blended Learning Social Sciences teacher Social Sciences It was also noted that a common factor in failure and learner drop-out is the time conflict which is compounded by issues of family, employment status as well as management support (Packham, Jones, Miller, & Thomas, 2004). They therefore recommended the use of online resources for other course units in future (78%) because they were satisfied with them (64.3%). Initiating knowledge construction by learners for blended learning effectiveness is exhibited in our findings and agrees with Rahman, Yasin and Jusof (2011). Sixty percent of the learners have to answer to someone when they are not attending to other activities outside study compared to the 39.9% who do not and can therefore do study or those other activities. You will play a significant role in the training and development of a successful and effective Asia Seller Education team. Although medical students underwent significant attrition of ECG competence without ongoing training, blended learning also resulted in better retention of ECG competence than conventional teaching. Improving online learning: student perceptions of useful and challenging characteristics. Results show that learner self-regulation was good enough at 72.3% in all the sub-scales of goal setting, environment structuring, task strategies, time management, help-seeking and self-evaluation among learners. Internet-based learning in the health professions: a meta-analysis. Sources of satisfaction and dissatisfaction with a learning management system in post-adoption stage: A critical incident technique approach. This study is based on an experiment in which learners participated during their study using face-to-face sessions and an on-line session of a blended learning design. Learners eventually found it easy to download necessary materials for study in their blended learning experiences (71%). Bediang G, Stoll B, Geissbuhler A, Klohn AM, Stuckelberger A, Nko'o S, Chastonay P. Computer literacy and E-learning perception in Cameroon: the case of Yaounde Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. Despite the increase in 1:1 computing initiatives in K-12 schools and increased technology use in higher education for blended learning, there is little empirical evidence of significant gains in learning outcomes. Google Scholar. We conducted a search of citations in Medline, CINAHL, Science Direct, Ovid Embase, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and ERIC through September 2014. Moving forward: embracing challenges as opportunities to improve medical education in the post-COVID era. They show computer confidence at 75.3%; which gives prospects for an effective blended learning environment in regard to their computer competence and confidence. Let's dive right in. There is however a low score on learners being assisted by family members in situations of computer setbacks (33.2%) as 53.4% of the learners reported no assistance in this regard. Accounting Education, 22(1), 8599. JAMA. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. from http://www.infodev.org/en/Publication.301.html. Correspondence to Methods We surveyed 223 1st- and 2nd-year medical students (MS1s and MS2s) enrolled at the Paul L Foster . EK did the proof-reading of the article as well as language editing. Which factors (among the learner characteristics and blended learning design features) predict student satisfaction, learning outcomes, intrinsic motivation and knowledge construction? Blended Learning 100 Blended Learning: Advantages And Effectiveness Dan Keckan JULY 2, 2022 Blended learning has seen increased adoption by businesses and other organizations as an efficient way to train, reskill, and upskill employees. Quantitative data . This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Effective blended learning would require that learners are able to initiate, discover and accomplish the processes of knowledge construction as antecedents of blended learning effectiveness. (2004). Distance education drop-out: What can we do? Advanced experience developing blended learning programs, including . Technology: It uses technology to enhance learning. Ability to write effective storyboard, instructional text, audio and video scripts. Computers & Education, 49(2), 396413. Evaluating student satisfaction with blended learning in a gender-segregated environment. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6920/13/57, http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/17403945. Blended learning effectiveness: the relationship between student characteristics, design features and outcomes, https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-017-0043-4, Learning outcomes and significant predictors, International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/, selfdeterminationtheory.org/intrinsic-motivation-inventory/, http://www.infodev.org/en/Publication.301.html, http://www.kineo.com/m/0/blended-learning-report-202013.pdf, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Hofmann, J. Sankaran, S., & Bui, T. (2001). Create an assessment framework to measure the ongoing effectiveness of new hire learning content and facilitation. 2020 Aug 10;22(8):e16504. International Journal of Digital Information and Wireless Communications (IJDIWC), 1(4), 746752. An examination of learner characteristics/background, design features and learning outcomes as factors for effectiveness can help to inform the design of effective learning environments that involve face-to-face sessions and online aspects. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of a virtual and blended pre-clerkship curriculum and to assess its impact on students. Springer Nature. The research aims to identify the effectiveness of using the blended learning strategy on achievement among students of higher colleges of technology in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), through the answer to the following question: Is there a statistically significant difference at the significance level (a = 0.05) in students' achievements in general studies courses at higher education . A questionnaire with items on student characteristics, design features and learning outcomes was distributed among students from three schools and one directorate of postgraduate studies. The phrase "blended learning" is being used increasingly to describe learning and teaching approaches which contain a mixture of online activities and face to face activities. The aim of this paper is to identify measurements of learning efficiency and learning effectiveness of blended learning and to analyze drivers of learning effectiveness and learning. They showed positivity with it as it improved their understanding of course material (Ahmad & Al-Khanjari, 2011). The following best practices are helpful in creating a successful blended classroom environment. A survey was administered to 238 respondents to gather data on student characteristics/background, design features and learning outcomes. Technology-enhanced simulation for health professions education: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Effect of blended environment model on high school students academic achievement. Blended learning is inspiring K-12 educators with an improved student experience that includes the best of face-to-face and online learning formats to personalize learning and deepen engagement. The learner characteristics, design features investigated are potentially important for an effective blended learning environment. (2004). Some of the advantages associated with BL included easy access to knowledge, improve pedagogy, cost-effectiveness, ease of revision of learning content, and personal presence. The least scored here is attitude to course structure at 66% and their attitudes were high on learner autonomy and course interface both at 82%. Mountains of the Moon University, P.O. Regarding knowledge construction, it has been noted that effective learning occurs where learners are actively involved (Nurmela, Palonen, Lehtinen & Hakkarainen, 2003, cited in Zhu, 2012) and this may be an indicator of learning environment effectiveness. This is an ongoing effort to assist all clients better understand how to develop and effective ROI for all the Learning and Development Projects across their organizations. The Delone and McLean model of information systems success: A Ten-year update. Kenney, J., & Newcombe, E. (2011). The test results for normality of our data before the t-test resulted into significant levels (Male=.003, female=.000) thereby violating the normality assumption. Martinengo L, Yeo NJY, Markandran KD, Olsson M, Kyaw BM, Car LT. Int J Nurs Stud. Learner interactions were seen from three angles of cognitivism, collaborative learning and student-teacher interactions. These advanced training . Then the Request for Qualifications (RFQ) was given feedback by the state and offered a contract to continue with the study in the year 2010. . Cook DA, Levinson AJ, Garside S, Dupras DM, Erwin PJ, Montori VM. E-learning and retention key factors influencing student withdrawal. 3236). Educational Technology & Society, 14(2), 224235. From the table above, design features (technology quality and online tools and resources), and learner characteristics (attitudes to blended learning, self-regulation) were significant predictors of learner satisfaction in blended learning. As with physically presented learning, blended and online programmes have clear aims, objectives and assessment points. Accounting undergraduates changing use of ICT and their views on using the internet in higher education-A Research note. 2022;9(1):419. doi: 10.1057/s41599-022-01451-7. A value flow model for the evaluation of an e-learning service. An effective learning strategy is not only implemented for the training of students but also at the corporate level. Though blended learning (BL), is widely adopted in higher education, evaluating effectiveness of BL is difficult because the components of BL can be extremely heterogeneous. In a report by Oxford Group (2013), some learners (16%) had negative attitudes to blended learning while 26% were concerned that learners would not complete study in blended learning. Good analytical skills and meticulous. (2012). Blended learning is a type of learning that allows learners to utilize the ability to learn both face-to-face and online through digital platforms. We applied the online self regulatory learning questionnaire for data on learner self regulation, the intrinsic motivation inventory for data on intrinsic motivation and other self-developed instruments for measuring the other constructs. Astleitner, H. (2000) Dropout and distance education. This will make our conclusions about the potential of blended learning effectiveness. The use of elearning in medical education: a review of the current situation. The study population comprised of 139 male students representing 58.4% and 99 females representing 41.6% with an average age of 24years. The design features (technology quality, interactions) and learner characteristics (self regulation and social support), were found to be significant predictors of learner knowledge construction. A cost- effective method for corporate training. Learner attitudes towards Face-to-face support were reported at 88% showing that the sessions were enjoyable experiences (89%) with high quality class discussions (86%) and therefore recommended that the sessions should continue in blended learning (89%). Picciano, A., & Seaman, J. Students of blended learning group employed all motivational and learning strategies more often than students of the didactic and web- based e-learning groups except strategies of intrinsic goal orientation, task value, control of learning belief and help seeking. Blended learning provides the necessary communication, collaboration, and learning technology to quickly and efficiently keep employees up-to-date on new procedures and offerings without taking them out of the field. Computers in Human Behaviour, 30, 249261. Shapiro-Wilk test was done to test normality of the data for it to qualify for parametric tests. Although significant publication bias was found, the trim and fill method showed that the effect size changed to 0.26 (95% CI -0.01 to 0.54) after adjustment. Osgerby, J. From http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/. Additionally, it is dependent on learner interactions with instructors since failure to continue with online learning is attributed to this. 1): This research applies a quantitative design where descriptive statistics are used for the student characteristics and design features data, t-tests for the age and gender variables to determine if they are significant in blended learning effectiveness and regression for predictors of blended learning effectiveness. Their study further shows that learners construct meaning individually from assignments and this stage is referred to as pre-construction which for our study, is an aspect of discovery in the knowledge construction process. From http://www.kineo.com/m/0/blended-learning-report-202013.pdf Anderson, T. (2004). A study by Naaj et al. Moodle has helped learners to accomplish their learning tasks more quickly (74%) and that as a LMS, it is effective in teaching and learning (88%) with overall satisfaction levels at 68%. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. According to Education Elements, which develops hybrid learning technologies, successful blended learning occurs when technology and teaching inform each other: material becomes dynamic when it reaches students of varying learning styles. FOIA This study aimed to investigate and determine the effectiveness of blended learning in the context of new ways in teaching and learning to enhance students' academic achievement. BMC Med Educ. eCollection 2022. Research agrees that the success of e-learning and blended learning can largely depend on students as well as teachers gaining confidence and capability to participate in blended learning (Hadad, 2007). From our perspective, this can be considered to be accomplishment in the knowledge construction process. The objective of the current study is to investigate the effectiveness of blended learning in view of student satisfaction, knowledge construction, performance and intrinsic motivation and how they are related to student characteristics and blended learning design features in a blended learning environment. Purpose Virtual instruction became the primary educational delivery method for pre-clerkship medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Learner extent of use of the learning management system features was as shown in the table below in percentage (Table4): From the table, very rarely used features include the blog and wiki while very often used ones include the email, forum, chat and calendar. Epub 2022 Nov 26. Educational Technology & Society, 15(1), 127136. From our study findings, this is no threat for blended learning our case as noted by our results. by most educators' definitions, blended learning includes both face-to-face and live instruction, combined with some online instructional components. The study by Goyal and Tambe (2015) used descriptive statistics to indicate improved learning by use of uploaded syllabus and session plans on Moodle. (2012) regarding technology as a predictor of learner satisfaction. An effective blended learning environment is necessary in undertaking innovative pedagogical approaches through the use of technology in teaching and learning. Performance by gender shows a balance with no statistical differences between male and female. Available on cedma-europe.org. The phrase blended learning (BL) was associated with the classroom training to e-Learning activities. "They condensed about 2,900 hours of classroom training into 700 hours of web-based learning, 200 hours of distance learning and 500 hours of classroom instruction, a cut of 53 percent." 5. It also gives the factors that are considered to be significant for blended learning effectiveness. E-Learning versus Face-to-Face Methodology for Learning Antimicrobial Resistance and Prescription Practice in a Tertiary Hospital of a Middle-Income Country. Learners developed reports from activities (67%), submitted solutions to discussion questions (68%) and did critique peer arguments (69%). Methods All participants ( n = 37) were randomly allocated into three groups. The study sample consisted of (108) male and female students, who were divided into two groups: experimental and control. None of the independent variables were identified as significant predictors of student performance. Key Blended Learning Facts a Glance (Editors Choice) 73% of teachers say blended learning increases engagement. . Some researchers stated that blended learning can enhance students' learning outcomes, improve students' motivation , and it is effective way for achieving learning objectives [4,5,14,15]. Identifying the various types of learner variables with regard to their relationship to blended learning effectiveness is important in this study as we embark on innovative pedagogy with technology in teaching and learning. Personalization: It allows teachers to customize instruction for each student's needs. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Finally, none of the independent variables considered under this study were predictors of learning outcomes (grade). Teaching for blended learning: research perspectives from on-campus and distance students. In addition, dissatisfaction resulted from technical difficulties as well as ambiguous course instruction Hara and Kling (2001).

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